PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF TERPENOIDS AND PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF PLANTS OF THE GENUS Perovskia OF THE FLORA OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract
Perovskia Kar. is a small genus belonging to the subfamily Nepetoideae of the family Lamiaceae. It contains only 9 species of subshrubs, the majority of which (7 species) grow wild in the mountainous regions of Central Asia. From here, the range of these plants extends through Afghanistan and northern Iran to Pakistan and northern India. Species of the genus Perovskia are essential oil, food, honey, dye, and medicinal plants. In Uzbekistan, 4 species of plants of the genus Perovskia grow (P. angustifolia, P. scrophulariifolia, P. botschantzevii, P. kudrjaschevii), the phytocenoses of which occupy significant areas. Plants of this genus have medicinal properties that are currently insufficiently studied. In folk medicine, a decoction of the leaves of P. angustifolia is used as an anthelmintic, wound-healing, and antiseptic agent. The aerial parts of P. scrоchulariifоlia are used in folk medicine to treat scabies, sunburn, skin, and gastrointestinal diseases. Literature reports the antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, insecticidal, anticholinesterase, antispasmodic, cytotoxic, and antiprotozoal activity of extracts, essential oils, and individual compounds isolated from plants of this genus. Pharmacological studies revealed biologically active compounds among the isolated substances, possessing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties. The studied plants may be sources of rosmarinic acid, cryptotanshinone, and 1,8-cineole, which possess valuable biological properties. The obtained data can be used in the chemosystematics of plants of the genus Perovskia.
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